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opAMERIC 



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FoF^ THE First Time flow PRODue 

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?.T. BAR|<UM-"tJ.A.BAI LEY. Equal Owner 



COPYRIGHT 1892 BY 




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A Most Noble Theme Profusely Illustrated with Living Tableaux. 



EMBELLISHED WITH GRAND SCENES, REALISTIC BATTLES, 

SHIPS IN MOTION, TREMENDOUS PAGEANTS AND 

EXQUISITE PICTURESQUE BALLETS. 



IMRE 'KIRALFY'S 

60LUMBUS 



AND THE 



Discovery of America. 



THE GRANDEST AND MOST COLOSSAL 
SPECTACLE OF ALL TIME. 



Depicting with Historical Truth and Accuracy the Life, 
Trials, Discoveries and Triumphs of 

CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, 

AND ADAPTED AND ARRANGED FOR PRODUCTION WITH 

BAHITI7M Sz BAILEE'S 

~ GREATEST SHOW ON EARTH,=^ 

ON THE LARGEST STAGE EVER CONSTRUCTED. 



Incidentally Introducing the CHIEF HISTORICAL EVENTS Contemporaneous with the 

FIRST VOYAGE TO THE NEW WORLD. 

THE COURIER COMPANY, SHOW PRINTERS, BUFFALO, N. Y. ► -i » O Q^^ 




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We desire, in the most public and unreserved manner, to express our congratulations 
to Mr. Imre Kiralfy upon the magnificent triumph he has achieved in producing his latest 
spectacle, which is undoubtedly his masterpiece, " Columbus and the Discovery of 
America," and to thank him for the extraordinary display of energy and industry which 
has well deserved and splendidly won for him his great success, and which has satisfactorily 
inured to our mutual advantage. To perfect this part of our exhibition required the 
highest order of artistic creation, adaptation and invention, and he has far surpassed our 
most sanguine expectations in these respects and more than justified our confidence in his 
ability and experience. While unlimited means have been placed at his disposal, he has 
utilized them with rare judgment and effect, and the result is a most splendid and impres- 
sive series of classic displays and tableaux, which we are confident all America will join in 
pronouncing altogether unparalleled. 

BARNUM & BAILEY. 

^S> 



A WORD FROM THE AUTHOR. 



In my composition of this vivid pictorial illustration of the various epochs in the life 
and career of the immortal discoverer of the New World, I have been animated by the 
rareness of the opportunity to supply a fitting representation of this most heroic theme, 
and as each recurring Columbus celebration occurs only once in a century, and being for- 
tunate enough to have this anniversary of the fourth centennial of the discovery of America 
come within the period of my life, and wishing to do homage to the great and immortal 
navigator on this occasion, I have striven earnestly to make this historical production the 
greatest of all my works. 

In this gigantic undertaking all my studies, experience and energy have been devoted to 
placing before the public not a mere series of tableaux, but to supply a faithful, authentic, 
and complete reproduction of the chief historic incidents in the life of that great mariner, 
in the order in which they occurred. 

In presenting to the American pubHc the latest and grandest original historical spectacle 
of " Columbus and the Discovery of America," I wish to most earnestly assure them that 
it will be even more magnificent than the great one of last year. 

I have endeavored to perfect an entirely original historical spectacle in novel shape 
and combined panoramic and dioramic form ; an enterprise requiring a colossal stage, far 
beyond the space at command of any building in America. The huge amphitheatrica! 
tent expressly devised and constructed by Messrs. Barnum and Bailey for that purpose, 
affords the only opportunity for the successful presentation of a series of realistic tableaux 
and processions far grander than anything of the kind heretofore attempted, and for the 
display and utilization of scenic effects, which of necessity must be proportionately 
colossal. Of this I have conscientiously sought to take fullest advantage, both in immen- 
sity of production, treatment of the enormous surface of canvas employed, artistic correct- 
ness and harmony in association and coloring of scenery and costumes, and both aggrega- 
tion and individuality of effects. 

Finally, I desire to express my most greatful appreciation of the unbounded liberality 
and confidence accorded me by Messrs. Barnum and Bailey in the prosecution and per- 
fection of this great work. 

This production is an inspiration evoked by the splendor of its theme, and is offered as 
my humble tribute to the greatest genius of the centuries, Christopher Columbus. 

New York, March, 1892. IMRE KIRALFY. 



C. M. MOSEMAN & BRO. 




-CHAMBERSSt 

Also LONDON AND PARIS. 
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128 Chambers Street, NEW YOKK. 

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C HRIS TOPHER COLUMBUS 



Superb Music expressly composed by 

SiGNOR ANGELO VENANZI. 

The Italian Poetry and Words of Songs by 

SiGNOR ANGELO BIGNOTTI. 

The entire Historical Costumes and Accessories designed by 

SiGNOR ALFRED EDEL. 

Executed by Monsieur EDMOND LANDOLFF. 
Costumes of the Oriental Ballet in the Alhambra Scene expressly designed by 

WILHELM. 

Executed by Miss FISHER. 
Magnificent Scenery designed and executed by 

Messieurs AMABLE and GARDY. 

Chorus and Music under the Direction of 

SiGNOR BENLA.MINO LOMBARDI. 

« 

Stage and Choreographic Director, 

SiGNOR ETTORE COPPINL 

Entire Spectacle produced, conceived, designed, organized and produced by 

IMKE KIRALFY, 

The Author of " Nero," "Venice in London," etc., etc. 



CAST OF CHARACTERS. 



CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS. The Discoverer. 

FERDINAND, King of Castile and Arragon. 

ISABELLA, Queen of Castile and Arragon. 

PRINCESS ISABELLA, their Daughter. 

DONNA BEATRIX de BOBADILLA, Marchioness de Moya, 
BOABDIL EL CHICO, King of Granada. 

MUZA BEN ABEL GAZAN. Moorish Chief. 

ABUL CAZIN ABDEL MELU, Governor of the City of Granada. 

CIDI YAHYE, Cousin to El Zegal, and after\vard Don Pedro de Granada. 
THE SANTON HAMET ABEN ZARRAX. 

AYXA LA HARRA. Mother of Boabdil. 

Z ARAM A, Wife of Boabdil. 
ABEN COMIXA, the Vizier. 

THE MARQUIS OF CADIZ. 

DON ALONZO de AGUILLAR. 

HERNANDO PEREZ de PULGAR 

FRIAR ANTONIO MIIIlAN, Prior of the San Franciscan Convent in the Holy City 
RODRIGO DE MENDEZ, Son of the Grand Cardinal. 

LOUIS FERNANDO PUERTO CARERO. 
MARTIN CALINDO. 

MOHAMMED BEN HASSAN, the aged Alcayde of Baza. 

ALI BEN FAHAR, the true and faithful Moorish Warrior. 
MULEY ABDALLAH. 

MARTIN ALONZO PINZON. 

Spanish Cavaliers and Knights, Moorish Warriors, Nobles, Pages, Crusaders, Hid- 

algoes, Clergymen, Courtiers, Peasants, Sailors, Pilots, Indians, Chiefs, Mariners. 

Viziers, Priests, Notaries, Magistrates, Christian Captives, Moorish Prisoners, 

Ecclesiastics, Servants, Slaves, Princes, Soldiers, Male and Female 

Chorus Singers, Dancing Girls, Troubadours, Muleeteers, Artisans, 

Shipwrights. Armorers, Body Guards, Heralds, etc., etc. 



General Synopsis of Scenes. 



SCENE I. 

The Alhambra Palace. 

King Boabdil and his Favorites. 

Female Cliorus in the Moonlight. 

Moorish Dancing Girls and Music. 

The Starving People Seeking the King. 

The King Promises a Feast. 

Sublime and Picturesque Ballet. 

Preparations within the City for Battle. 

The Warriors Chant War Songs. 

Departure for the Battle Field. 

Mounting the Battlements to Witness the Fight. 

Female Chorus of Songs for Victory. 

Return of the Defeated Moors to the City. 

Flight of the Women for Safety. 

Demanding the City's Surrender. 

King Boabdil El Chico Holds a Council of War. 
Agreeing to Surrender. 

Departure of the Moors from Cjranada. 

Triumphal Occupation of the City by the Spaniards. 

The Flag of Castile Floats from the Alhambra. 

Ferdinand and Isabella Leading the Army. 

Grand Victory Procession. 

Closing of the Gates against the Moors. 

Triumph of the Cross over the Crescent. 

Columbus Again Urging his Scheme. 

Queen Isabella agrees to Pledge her Jewels for the Voyage. 

Libe;ration of Christian Captives. 

Chanting the Te Deum for Victory. 

Grand Chorus. 



General Synopsis of Scenes. 

( CONTINUED.) 



SCENE 11. 

The Ancient Port of Palos, August 3, 1492. 

Columbus Preparing for his Voyage. 

Reading the King's Proclamation. 

Martin Alonzo Pinzon appears. 

Receiving the Blessing of the Priests. 

Hoisting the Flag on the Santa Maria. 

Embarking on the Caravels. 

Farewells to Columbus and his Followers. 

Grand Chorus of Farewell. 

Departure of the Ships. 



SCENE III. 

The First Voyage of Discovery. 

Becalmed on the Ocean. 

Columbus Notices the Needle's Variation. 

A Storm at Sea. 

Floating Trees and Driftwood Discovered. 

Discontent of the Crew. 

Quelling the Mutiny on the Santa Maria. 

Martin Pinzon Mistakes a Cloud for Land. 

Columbus Discovers the Moving Light on Shore. 

The Pinto Discharges a Gun. 

Columbus and the Crews Sing Chorus of Thanks. 

Land at last Discovered. 



SCENE IV. 

The First Landing in the New World. 

Fright and Terror of the Indians. 

Columbus Approaches in his Boat. 

Taking Formal Possession. 



THE STORY OF 

COLUMBUS 



AND THE 



DISCOVERY OF AMERICA. 

As Portrayed in the Dramatic Action of the Nautical, 
Martial, Musical, Poetical, Terpsichorean, Proces- 
sional AND PANTOMIMICAL SPECTACLE IN THE 

BARNUM & BAILEY GREATEST SHOW ON EARTH, 

AS ARRANGED AND DESIGNED BY 



SCENE I. 

Uni 
^ottrt of the Alhambra Palace— Night of January 1, 1492. 



CHARACTERS IN THIS SCENE. 

Christopher Columbus. 
Ferdinand, King of Castile and Arragon. 
Ysabella, Queen of Castile and Arragon. 
Cavalier Tendilla. 

Alonzo de Quintauilla (afterwards Archbishop of Granada). 
Friar Juan Perez (formerly Confessor to the Queen). 
Boabdil El Chico, King of Granada. 
Aben Comixa, the Vizier. 

Abdul Cazin Abdul Melu, Governor of the City of Granada. 
Muza Ben Abdul Gazin, Moorish Chief. 
The Santon Hamet Aben Zarrax. 
Adi Yalige (now known as Dom Pedro de Granada). 
Ayxa la Horra, Mother of Boabdil. 
Zorayma, his Wife. 

The Son of the Moorish King (a child). 

Spanish Hidalgoes, Nobles, Clergy, Soldiery, Courtiers, Pages, Moorish Knights 
and People of both sexes. 

This poetic scene represents the courtyard within the fortress of the 
Alhambra. Alhambra, meaning " red castle," is a name given to the 
fortress which formed a sort of acropolis or citadel to the City of 
Granada, and in which stood the palace of the ancient Moorish kings. 
It was built about six hundred years ago, in the year 1238, and a part of 
it still remains to-day. A view of the palace is shown in this scene as 
it existed four hundred years ago, with its huge massive gates and grand 



lO 



COLUMBUS AND THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA/ 



approaches to the city, which the castle itself guarded from invading 
foes. Beyond this the view embraces glimpses of the landscape, with 
the Spanish encampment in the City of Santa Fe. 

Our tableau opens with King Boabdil El Chico, surrounded by his 
wives, favorites and slaves. The time is midnight. Presently music 
greets the ear, the female slaves begin the slow, sensuous movements of 
oriental dances, while songs by female slaves are heard accompanied by 
the wild, wierd, mysterious music of quaint instruments, and the scene 
gradually becomes one of splendor. 




SONGS OF FEMALE SLAVES. 



Quando alia sera spuntano 
Neo ciel gli astri d or. 
Innamorati e teneri 
Cantan gli augelli ancor. 
E dicon : — Bruna Almea 
Fancuilla bruna ; 
Vedi la nivea Dea 
Avvolge un vel. 
Noi ineggian la luna 
Ed alle stelle, 
Che innamorate e belle 
Stan nel ciel. 

Quando al mattino pallidi 
M^ojono gli astri d or 
Qui in terra astri piu vividi 
Brillan nel giorno ancor. 
Le tue pupille o Almea 
Piu delle stelle 
Sun scintillanti e belle 
E han piu fulgor. 
Or posa come Dea 
Sul serto aurato, 
Viva per te beato 
II tuo signor. 



When shades of evening gently fall. 

And golden stars appear, 
"Good-night, the birds so sweetly call, 

Telling of love so dear. 
And soon the silvery moonbeams show, 
As through a veil, the plains below. 
In beauty shines the moon 

With stars around, 
And love and beauty seem 

Here to abound. 
Our song would tell you where 
They may be found. 

But ah ! when in the morning gray 

The golden stars do die, 
Thy brilliant eyes, Almea, say 

Stars are not in the sky. 
For morning light doth make stars dim. 
They fade when birds begin their hymn. 
Thine eyes are still more bright. 

More beauties show. 
Brighter than stars at night. 

More lustrous glow. 

And ever in thy sight 

True love will grow. 



Suddenly, low murmurings are heard without, which gradually coming 
nearer and nearer, the scene is rudely broken by the entrance of the 
Santon Hamet Aben Zarrax, followed by a riotous mob of starving peo- 
ple. Santon Hamet demands of the king food for the citizens, which 



COLUMBUS AND THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA. 



I I 



they have been unable to get owing to the circumvallation of the city by 
the Spaniards. 

King Boabdil, to appease them, promises them a battle on the mor- 
row, at which the rage of the people is turned to rejoicing and praise 
for the king. The latter, to further divert the minds of the mob, orders 
a grand festival to be prepared at once, which the populace shall be per- 
mitted to see, and directs that they shall be served with wines and fruits, 
upon hearing which announcement the people become almost wild with 
pleasure. 

ENTRANCING MOORISH DANCES. 

Moorish maidens now replace the scenes of discontent with a romantic 
and picturesque series of entrancing dances, while the people are feasted 
with the remaining stores. The festival is interrupted by the appearance 
of armed citizens, and the warriors are marshalled by Muza, their idolized 
leader, who inspires the troops with hopes of victory. 

Songs of joy are chanted, the priests bestow their blessings on the 
warriors, the people sing choruses, in which they are joined by the troops, 
and with the songs still ringing in their ears the army, led by Muza and 
King Boabdil, depart from the city to the plains to offer battle to the 
Spaniards. 

While the warriors are sallying forth, the old and crippled, with the 
women and children remain behind. At the first sounds of the con- 
flict some mount the battlements to obtain a view of the impending 
struggle, while others chant prayers for victory. 







/JUi.i. *j>jfii' rv 



COlUf-iBUS AI'TME SURSEMDER Op'oPAblADAJ^^ "'^'C.-,- 



CHOKUS OF PRAYER. 



Oh, sommo Aid potente 
Nostro Signer clemente, 
Abbi di noi pietd 
Sommo potente A14. 



Allah, in thy might and power, 
Help us in this awful hour. 
Allah, hear our suppliant cry. 
Rising to thy throne on high. 



I 2 



COLUMBUS AND THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA. 



While the sounds of song of female voices are dying away small 
detachments of soldiers come flying into the city, and the news is quickly 
told of the total defeat of the Moors. 

A scene of wild confusion follows quick and fast. Mothers fly in 
terror to hide their children, others again rush to secure and secrete 
their valuables, while everybody seems bent upon gaining a place of 
safety and security from the approaching victorious Spaniards. 

Muza and King Boabdil now re-enter in despair and disconsolately 
await the inevitable summons to surrender. 

An envoy from the victorious Ferdinand appears demanding the 
unconditional surrender of the palace and town, which terms King 
Boabdil and his adviser, Abdul Cazin, are compelled to accept. 

Capitulation being decided upon, the envoy departs, taking with him 
a number of hostages, among whom is the son of Boabdil. 

Preparations are now begun for the, evacuation, and Axya la Horra, 
the mother of Boabdil, and Zorayma, his wife, with some of his favorites, 
together with his entire household and a few faithful warriors, take their 
departure and bid a last farewell to Granada. Meanwhile Boabdil and 
Cazin meet the approaching Ferdinand and Isabella, and while attempt- 
ing to kneel before them, they are restrained by the king, who magnani- 
mously raises and embraces Boabdil and restores to him the son who has 
been held as a hostage. 

The Moorish king then delivers the keys of the city to Ferdinand, 
who hands them to Queen Isabella. 




These ceremonies over. King Boabdil takes a last look at the palaces 
which for so many years have been the residence of the Moorish kings, 
and departs forever from that place. 

The victorious Spaniards (having entered and taken possession of the 
captured city, the last in the hands of the Moors, the conquest of which 



COLUMBUS AND THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA. 1 3 

closed for all time the series of wars extending over centuries, and 
resulting in the entire Moorish domains in Spain coming under the 
authority of Castile and Arragon) now enter the Alhambra. The flags 
of Castile and Arragon are hoisted over the towers, while the army, 
with Ferdinand and Isabella at the head, accompanied by the Cavalier 
Tendilla, Alonzo de Quintannella and the chivalry of Spain, together 
with Columbus, the Friar Juan Perez, and others, enter its gates amid 
salvos of artillery and the grand ceremonies attendant upon it. 

Columbus again urges the king to consider his project, and it is at 
this moment that the queen, with a sudden burst of inspired enthusiasm, 
declares in the words which have become historical : " I will undertake 
the enterprise for my own crown of Castile, and will pledge my jewels if 
the funds in the treasury are found inadequate." 

Columbus, almost overcome by this great turn in the tide of his for- 
tunes, is inspired by gratitude and joins with enthusiasm in the songs of 
praise which express the general joy that the long wars have ended. 

SONG OF VICTORY. 

Sia gloria eterna a Dio Now God above we humbly praise, 

Che ci difese ancora ; He fighteth ever by our side. 

E or saiga ardente e pio Sweet songs of thanks to Heaven we raise, 

L'inno di gloria al ciel. Our Lord doth us to vict'ry guide. 




-jHElRTuMPHftL EMTR/.f COLUMBU^f^BftHCELOUOPOIlJJIgj^ D)SCoVeRY °fV\MERiefe 



"•CDPrnrsMTEO BY im(t KiBAitr le^i- 



14 COLUMBUS AND THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA. 



SCENE II. 

The Ancient Port of Palos, August 3, 1492. 



CHARACTERS IN THIS SCENE. 

Christopher Columbus. 

Martin Alonzo Pinzon, ) 

Francisco Martin Pinzon, > Brothers 

Vicente Yanez Pinzon. ) 

Friar Juan Perez. 

Sancho Ruiz, ) 

Pedro Alonzo Nino, V Pilots 

Bartholomeo Roldan. ) 

Rodrigo Sanchez, Inspector General. 

Diego de Arana, Chief Alguazil. 

Rodrigo de Escobedo, a Royal Notary. 

A Physician. 

A Surgeon. 

Adventurers, Servants, Mariners, People, Soldiers. 

A Magistrate. 

A Notary of Palos. 

After Queen Isabella has agreed to supply the necessary funds 
for the equipment of the vessels which were to carry Columbus and his 
daring followers on their perilous voyage, no time was lost in making all 
the needed preparations. 

The present view opens at the little port of Palos in Spain. In 
the river, close by, are seen the " Pinta," " Nina," and " Santa Maria," 
the latter the caravel which Columbus himself is to command. The 
shore seems alive with bustle and excitement, for at no time in the 
history of the little port was there ever so important an event. Convoys 
of soldiers and the people are canvassing the probable result of the 
voyage and speculating upon the chances of its ever returning. The 
magistrate mounts the steps leading to the church, followed by soldiers, 
while an official reads the king's proclamation. 

O popo'.o di Spagna, pel Sovrano Draw near, ye loyal men of Spain, and give attention 

Voler del nostro Re, Unto the words I say — 

Proclama a chi fu di partir eletto By order of the King. It is his pleasure, 
Che se all' appello regal mancar dovesse That all, who for this voyage were selected, 

Dal sacro tribunale condannato Proceed to work, and give up ease and leisure. 
Verra, senza perdon, all' Auto-da-fd. That all obey at once it is expected. 

Vi sovvenga il voler del nostro Re. In case of non-compliance the sharp measure 

Of death will be the doom of those detected. 

Martin Alonzo Pinzon, with his two brothers, who are to command the 
" Pinta " and " Nina," now prepare to embark on their respective ships. 



COLUMBUS AND THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA. 



15 



Columbus appears shortly after with Rodrigo Sanchez of Segovia, the 
inspector general, Diego de Arana, Chief Alguazil and Rodrigo Escobedo, 
the royal notary, followed by the physician and surgeon and a band of 
adventurers. 




After receiving a blessing from Friar Juan Perez, and other appro- 
priate religious ceremonies having taken place, the intrepid body of 
navigators proceed to embark for their vessels. 

The shores are now thronged with people and the place appears as on 
a holiday. The women of Palos approach Columbus and wish him 
God-speed. 



BACCHAROLE. 



A te la sorte — or sia propizia 

Guerrier in vitto — 

Dona la speme — nuova letizia, 

E il tuo ritorno — ci allieti il cor. 

Ora fidente — nel tuo destine 

Tu novi ardito — nella tua f^. 

Noi spargiam fiori — sul tuo cammino 

Ed invochiamo — il ciel per te. 



Oh, warrior bold! oh, chief of faith supreme ! 

May fortune's smiles benign on thee attend, 
Thy safe return is more than a mere dream, 

Such fervent hope to us new life doth lend. 
Thy destiny for thee marks out the way 

May all thy paths be ever soft with flowers, 
And, great in faith, thy feet shall never stray 

While for thine aid we call on heaven's powers. 



Columbus, after receiving the benediction of his friend Friar Juan 
Perez, and amid the vocal peans of those assembled, starts upon his 
grand voyage across unknown and unexplored waters to enrich civili- 
zation with a new world and its boundless treasures. 

The whole assembled community break out into a grand chorus of 
farewell, which is added to by the pealing of the bells in the churches, 
and as the majestic flood of music and song floats upon the air, the boats 
are seen to row off. 



i6 



COLUMBUS AND THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA. 



CHORUS OF FAREWELL. 



II gran ntocchiero nel destin fidente 
Cerca la nuova terra e nuova vita, 
Sia fido il vento a il ciel gli sia clemente 
Possa immortal fortuna su quel crine 
Posar I'alloro ; e la sognata e ambita 
Gloria alia terra e al mar senza confine 
Ridir le gesta e il suo valor cantar. 

CoRO Di Marinai. 

O nostra terra, O Spagna 

Ci rivedremo ancor ; 

La speme ci accompagna, 

Ci sara guida ognor. 

O nostra patria ; O Spagna 

Con te rimane il cor. 



To search for shores unknown, new forms of life, 

Columbus boldly goes, trusting to fate. 
May wind and sea alike be free from strife. 

May Neptune never shake his trident dread. 
Upon those brows immortal fame will place 

A laurel crown, and honors on him wait. 
Thus all the earth and sea his deeds may trace, 

And know the path the great explorer led. 

Chorus of Sailors on the Boats. 

Oh Spain ! beloved land, farewell ! 

Farewell for many years; 
A constant faith with us doth dwell. 

Henceforth we have no fears. 
Eternal hope will sweetly tell — 

Dry, dry, those idle tears. 



CORO, SULLA piazza. 

Addio compagni ; O figli nostri addio, 
Le nostri preci il cielo ascolterd. 
Voi pur neir ansia e nel terror Iddio 
Sempre invocate e Lui v'assistera. 



Chorus on the Shore. 

Farewell ! farewell ! our sons and comrades dear. 
To heaven above our prayers will daily rise. 

Remember ever, God is always near, 
And lends attentive ears to plaintive cries. 



COLUMBUS AND THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA. 



17 



SCENE III. 

The First Voyage to the New World. 

After leaving the Port of Palos the vessels are represented as encoun- 
tering a calm at sea. The sails flap against the masts and the three 
caravels are apparently motionless. At early sunrise, a breeze springing 
up, the fleet is gently wafted on its way. 

Columbus, while intently watching the compass, is amazed to discover 
that the needle has varied, and calls the attention of the pilot to the 
strange and remarkable occurrence, cautioning him not to divulge the 
matter to the crew for fear of its alarming them. 

A storm arising, the vessels roll and pitch, and at its subsidence 
a brilliant meteor is seen falling from the heavens, causing the sailors 
much fear. Birds of various kinds are now noticed flying about the ships 
which, together with many kinds of driftwood and floating bushes, are 
taken as sure indications of the approach to land, for which a constant 
lookout is kept. 

The crews of the vessels now manifest their discontent at the length 
of the voyage, and several of the sailors on the Santa Maria gather 
together in little groups and vent their dissatisfaction in loud complaints 
against Columbus. 




Upon the latter being informed of their mutinous action, he appearo 
before them, soothing some, stimulating the pride and avarice of others, 
and threatening the more refractory with punishment should they attempt 
anything to impede the voyage, which had the effect of quelling the 
mutiny. 



COLUMBUS AND THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA. 



While Columbus and his pilot and several of the mariners are studying 
the map they discover Martin Alonzo Pinzon at the stern of his vessel 
pointing to the horizon, and behold him signal, " Land ! " whereupon 
Columbus throws himself upon his knees to return thanks to God, but 
the supposed land turns out to be a cloud, to the great disappointment of 
all. The sun having set night now approaches. 




While Columbus is standing on the deck intently gazing into the 
darkness he discovers in the distance a small moving light, which 
seems to dance up and down upon the water far away in front of the 
vessel. He calls Pedro Gutierrez' attention to it and then Rodrigo 
Sanchez, who confirm the discovery. Columbus considers this a most 
positive evidence of land. 

The report of a gun fired on the Pinta now gives the joyful signal 
that land is seen, when Columbus and all the crew fall on their knees 
and join in a chorus of thanks. 

Morning breaks upon the vessels when the land is plainly seen by ali 
and the ships now come to anchor. 



COLUMBUS AND THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA. 



19 



SCENE IV. 



Columbus in the New World, October 12, 1492. 

The ships having lain at anchor all night, morning finds the crews im- 
patient to land upon the shores of the new-found territory. Many of the 
strange people inhabiting the island are seen arriving from all points and 
gathering upon the shore to watch the big ships, the like of which they 
had never seen before. 

Columbus and some of his followers are now seen approaching the 
shore in small boats, the discoverer richly attired in scarlet, holding the 
royal standard of Spain, standing in the forward part of one of the boats, 




while Alonzo Pinzon and Vicente Yanez, his brother, each with banners 
of the enterprise, are seen in the other boats. As the boats approach the 
shore the Indians fly in dismay to the woods, and from their place of 
safety watch the landing of Columbus. 

As soon as the boats ground upon the beach Columbus steps out upon 
the land and throws himself upon his knees, kissing the earth, and with 
tears in his eyes returns thanks to Heaven for the successful termination 
of his voyage of discovery. 

His example is followed by all the others. Columbus then rises, draws 
forth his sword, while planting the royal standard in the ground, and 
assembling around him his captains and followers, with Rodrigo Esco- 
bedo, the notary, Rodrigo Sanchez and all the rest of those who have 
landed with him, takes solemn and formal possession of the new-found 
territory in the names of Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain. 



20 



COLUMBUS AND THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA. 



TRIUMPHAL CHORUS OF SPANISH SOLDIERS AND SAILORS. 



Salve, salve, la nostra bandiera, 
Porta il bacio d'Iberico suol, 
Nova gloria piu fulgida e altera 
E serbata a ogni prode Spagnuol. 



Behold I our glorious flag, thrown to the breeze, 
Breathes to the air a gentle kiss of Spain; 

With each brave Spaniard who has dared the seas, 
A great and brilliant glory will remain. 



The crews, in ecstacies of delight, now crowd around the admiral 
with every manifestation of zeal, some embracing him, others kissing his 
hands and many begging his forgiveness for former doubts and com- 
plaints. 

The Indians, ascertaining that no harm is intended them by the stran- 
gers, grow bolder and approach the Spaniards, frequently prostrating 
themselves in token of submission and friendship, until finally, coming 
closer, they gaze with wonder and awe upon the splendid dress and armor 
of the soldiers, examine the keen edges of the swords and curiously feel 
the beards on the faces of the sailors. 

Columbus, pleased with their extreme gentleness, distributes presents 
among them of beads, bells and trinkets, which they receive eagerly, 
hanging the beads around their necks and seeming to take great delight 
in the tinkling of the bells. 

In return for these presents the Spaniards are given parrots, cotton 
yarns and cakes of cassava bread. The Spaniards, noticing gold rings in 
the noses of the natives, point to them and exchange trinkets for them. 







COLUMBUS TAKING POSSESSION of the HEW WORLD. ^muBTOBtmi&twniWl. 



A grand chorus of triumph now takes place, at the conclusion of 
which Columbus administers the oath of allegiance to all his followers, 
and the Indians, appearing now from all parts, gather around the 
Spaniards in vast numbers until the whole scene becomes one of anima- 
ted grandeur and is a true realistic reproduction of the memorable event 
just as it occurred on the morning of October 12, 1492. 



COLUMBUS AND THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA. 2 1 



CHORUS. 

Alfine il sogno ardente s'^ avverrato, At last the golden dream its truth has shown— 
Ecco la nova terra spunta gia. New worlds before us lie in beauty rare. 

Stanna e questo giorno avventurato This happy day, when centuries have flown, 
Che imraortale ai posteri sard. Will be remembered. Oh, the land is fair^- 

A te gloria, O Colombo ; il serto aurato Upon thy brows, Columbus, placed by fame, 
Sulla tua fronte ognora brillerd. A golden crown will glorify thy name. 

While Columbus and his followers are kneeling in profound meditation 
A VISION OF PROGRESS AND CIVILIZATION 

appears before his ecstatic eyes, revealing to him the wonderful results in 
invention, science and art which future generations will glorify as the 
result of his stupendous discovery. 

Having now taken possession of the newly-discovered land in the 
name of the Castilian sovereigns, Columbus and his followers bid farewell 
to the natives and return to their caravels. 



22 



COLUMBUS AND THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA. 



SCENE V. 

Columbus' Triumphal Return to Barcelona, April, 1493. 



CAST OF CHARACTERS IN THIS SCENE. 

Christopher Columbus. 

Ferdinand of Spain. 

Ysabella of Spain. 

Prince Juan, their Son. 

The Marchonese de Moya. 

Ambassadors of England, France, Venice, Genoa, Portugal, Naples, Ger- 
many and Scandina%aa. 

Magistrates of Barcelona. 

Nobles, Courtiers, Knights, Soldiers, Hidalgoes, Standard Bearers, Royal 
Guards, Pages, Clergy, People, etc., etc. 

The scene presented now is one of grandeur and magnificence, and 
represents the city of Barcelona on the day of Columbus' arrival. 
The return voyage of the great discoverer has been successfully 
accomplished, and, after landing at Palos, the little port he had first 
started from, he had proceeded to Barcelona to meet the king who had 




ordered a general holiday. Triumphal arches are erected in the streets 
which are filled by the populace, and church bells are ringing. 

Soon heralds approach proclaiming the opening of the fete and the 
coming of the grand triumphal procession. Choruses of song fill the air 



COLUMBUS AND THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA. 



23 



welcoming the hero of the age. The music of grand military bands is 
heard in the distance. People rush to various places to get a view 
of the pageant, which soon makes its appearance. 

The nobility and magistrates proceed to the city gates to welcome the 
great navigator. 

TRIUMPHAL ENTRY OF COLUMBUS INTO BARCELONA. 

Columbus and his followers, together with the Indians he brought 
with him from the New World, bring up the rear of this grand pageant, 




Columbus before fERI3lr^A^lDaIs.^Ba.LA on his return from the Discovery of America 



with the specimens of the plants, animals, gold and precious stones 
found in the new territory. 



ENTRANCE OF COLUMBUS INTO BARCELONA. CHORUSES IN PROCESSION. 



Queste son le damigelle, 
Sorridenti alme gentil ; 
Sono ricche e sono belle, 
Sembran liori d'almo 4pr'l- 

Gli student! sfilan lieti 
Da perfetti baccelier 
Studian legge, e son poeti 
CoUa mandola e bicchier. 

O vessillo, di vittoria 
Ci additasti tu il cammin ; 
Sii tu guida a nova gloria, 
Sii di Iberia .alma e destin. 

L'andalusa innamorata 
Passa a braccio al mattador ; 
Di Sivi^lia e di Granata, 
Viva, viva il toreador. 

Quanta gioja e quanta festa 
Qual tnpudio in ogni cor ; 
Col piacer gira la testa, 
Freme Talma a tal fulgor. 



As welcome as the April flowers. 
Here come the smiling ladies fair; 

Full well they know their beauty's powers. 
And for men's hearts they lay a snare. 

Ha ! ha ! the jovial students pass, 
Laughing, in careless fancy free; 

They much prefer the lute and glass 
To working hard for their degree. 

Victorious standard, flag of Spain, 
In foremost ranks thou'lt ever be; 

Glory and honor in thy train 
Shall follow; all shall bow to thee. 

See, the dark-eyed Spanish maiden 
To the matador is clinging; 

Every glance with love is laden- 
People loud his deeds are singing. 

How much gladness, how much pleasure 

Now is seen on every face; 
Happiness, the soul's chief treasure. 

Drives out grief and takes its place. 



24 



COLUMBUS AND THE DISCOVERY OF AMERICA. 



guesti son gli ambasciatori, 
'altre genti son campion — 
Ecco Italia, e Francia, e Mori, 
D'Inghilterra i gonfalon. 

Sono i bimbi paffutelli 
Delle scuole ;— Eccoli qui, 
Sono vispi, sono belli 
Vanto onor della cittd. 

I soldati prodi e fieri 
Forti in armi e lieti ognor ; 
Son guidati dagli alfieri 
I compioni del valor. 

O stupor ! Ecco gli Indiani 
Portan doni al nostro Re ; 
O che volti oscuri e strani ! 
Son le donne belle, aff^. 

O Colombo, al tuo passaggio 
Come vivo astro del ciel. 
Freme I'aura e fulge il raggio 
D'una glori senza vel. 

Salve, salve della Spagna 
Re possente, Augusto Re. 
Salve a te dolce Sovrana, 
Alma pura. Salve a te. 

Salve, Genio immortale ! 

Nel cielo mai brilW piu viva Stella, 

Mai di gloria al fulgor piu ardente sale 

L'inne lestante che a noi era novella 

Segna a cotesta eguale. 

Salve, O Colombo a te Genio immortale ! 



Standards proud from many a nation, 

Britain, Italy and France, 
All unite in exultation, 
. As triumphant they advance. 

From the school the boys returning. 

Bring our youth to us again; 
With high hopes and valor burning, 

They're the future men of Spain. 

The brave defenders of our land, 
Tho' bold in war, rejoice in peace; 

Beneath their leader's stern command. 
Their vigilance will never cease. 

Oh ! sight most strange, with faces brown 
The Indians come; their gifts most rare 

For our great King will grace his crown — 
Behold ! their women are most faii. 

Oh Columbus ! at your passing 
All the air's with rapture thrilled. 

And the stars, more brilliant flashing. 
Makes the sky with radiance filled. 

Shout ! let people good and loyal, 
Praise a Queen so true and tender, 

Praise a King so truly royal, 
He's the faith's sincere defender. 

In heaven ne'er did shine such glory. 
As thou bring'st to dull earth here. 

Yes, thy name will live in story — 
Future empires hold thee dear. 

Columbus, hail ! to thee all homage pay. 

In ages past, in future and to-day. 



The procession now halts before the throne of Ferdinand and Isabella. 
Columbus steps forward, presenting the Indians and the ornaments, with 
all the other evidences of his discovery, and is most cordially received by 
the royal pair, who confer titles and honors upon him in return for his 
great achievements. All now kneel in praise while the grand national 
anthem is chanted, accompanied by the majestic organ of the church. 

Columbus is now escorted by the sovereigns to the royal terrace and 
views the splendid festivities in his honor. The city now becomes bril- 
liantly illuminated. The people appear with torches and the scene 
becomes one of animated gaiety. 



A GRAND FINALE OF JOY. 



LIBRftRY OF CONGRESS 



011 563 784 8 



